A brain computer interface is a device which allows people with motor or cognitive impairments to control computers and other devices. BCIs translate brain signals using a variety of sensors, recording techniques, signal-processing algorithm and machine learning. They can control a wide variety of devices, including the computer monitors that display cursors, wheelchairs and robotic arm.
Most BCIs measure activity from the scalp, such as electroencephalographic (EEG) or functional near-infrared imaging (fNIRS) signaling. The signals are recorded by a sensor which detects the activity of neuronal neurons. Software converts them into operating commands.
In many BCI systems, the user has to undergo an iterative education process to learn how to produce signals recognized by the system. For example in a BCI that is specifically designed to type letters, the user has to imagine moving their right or left hand.
The most exciting BCI advancements involve implantable or surgically invasive systems that can record directly from neural tissue, not the scalp. These devices are more accurate than non-invasive BCIs however they require surgery and come with some risks.
BCIs that are invasive are still in the early stages of development and patients should be aware of the risks and advantages. Privacy https://hive-eu.org/linking-the-human-mind-to-a-machine and data security are also major concerns, because BCIs detect neural signals that may contain sensitive information regarding health or behavior. Some people object to the technology due to ethical reasons because they fear that others might hack into and control their minds.